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The Middle Way Treatise - Zen Master Tang Hoi - Talk 11
The Four Noble Truths – the truth of suffering, the truth of the origin of suffering, the truth of the cessation of suffering, and the truth of the path – are the foundation for recognizing suffering, ending its causes, realizing the cessation of suffering, and practicing the path of liberation. From these arise the Four Fruits of liberation – the fruits of practice based on the Four Noble Truths – which also lead to the four pairs of spiritual stages (the Four Paths) and the eight kinds of holy persons (the Eight Noble Beings). The practitioner may be heading toward the stream of liberation like a passenger driving to Libourne station, or may have attained the fruit of stream-entry with the solidity of one on the TGV to Paris.
- Stream-enterer (Sotāpanna)
- Once-returner (Sakadāgāmi)
- Non-returner (Anāgāmi)
- Arhat (Arahant)
The teaching on emptiness does not destroy the principle of cause and effect; on the contrary, it preserves the reality of wholesome and unwholesome actions and ethics. The Buddhas rely on two truths to teach sentient beings:
- the conventional truth (samvriti-satya)
- the ultimate truth (paramārtha-satya)
Relying on conventional truth, one can see the ultimate truth, and from there realize Nirvana. Deep understanding of emptiness and dependent origination is the path of true liberation and peace.
